Isingeniso

Amabhodlela okufutha ngengilazi asetshenziswa kabanzi ezicini ezahlukene zokuphila njengethuluzi elivamile empilweni yansuku zonke.

Kodwa-ke, naphezu kwezinzuzo zobuhle kanye nokusebenziseka kalula, kunezingozi ezithile ezingaba khona uma zisetshenziswa noma zithintwa yizingane. Uma zingaphathwanga kahle, ubuthakathaka bengilazi kanye nokwakheka kwamakhemikhali koketshezi olufuthayo kungaba yingozi ekuphepheni kwengane. Ngakho-ke, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izingane zithatha izinyathelo zokuphepha ezifanele lapho zithinta noma zisebenzisa amabhodlela okufutha engilazi kuyinto ebalulekile kubo bonke abazali nabanakekeli.

Izingozi Ezingaba Khona Zamabhodlela Okufutha Ngengilazi

Uma ubheka nje, kunezingozi eziningana ezingase zihlangane nezingane lapho zithinta futhi zisebenzisa amabhodlela okufafaza ngengilazi:

1. Ubungozi bengilazi

Ingozi enkulu ehlobene namabhodlela okufutha ngengilazi ivela ekubeni buthakathaka kwezinto ezibonakalayo. Nakuba ingilazi ijabulisa ubuhle bayo futhi inobungani nemvelo, isengozini enkulu yokuphuka ngenxa yokuwa, ukushaywa noma ukusetshenziswa okungafanele.

• Ingozi Yokunqunywa Nokuklwebheka: Uma ibhodlela lengilazi liphuka, izingcezu ezibukhali zingabangela izingane ukuba zisike noma ziklwebhe isikhumba sazo. Izingane ngokuvamile azikwazi ukubona izingozi kusengaphambili futhi zingase zizame ukuthinta noma ukuqoqa izingcezu ngemva kokuphuka kwengilazi, okwandisa amathuba okulimala.

2. Izingozi Zokufutha Ngoketshezi

Uketshezi olusemabhodleleni okufutha ngengilazi nakho kuyizinto eziyingozi okufanele uziqaphele, ikakhulukazi uma amabhodlela equkethe insipho, izibulala-magciwane noma ezinye izixazululo zamakhemikhali.

• Umonakalo Ongaba Khona Esikhumbeni NasemehlweniAmakhemikhali angacasula isikhumba esibucayi sezingane futhi abangele ngisho nokusabela okuncane kokucasuka noma ukungezwani komzimba. Ukuchaphaza koketshezi emehlweni kungabangela ukubomvu, ukuvuvukala, ubuhlungu kanye nomonakalo omkhulu wamehlo.
• Ingozi Yokuphefumula Noma Ukungena Ngengozi: Uma ingane ihogela noma igwinya amakhemikhali ngephutha oketshezi olufakwe umoya, kungase kubangele ukucasuka kokuphefumula, ukukhwehlela, noma ukusabela okunobuthi, okudinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu.

3. Ingozi Yokuphathwa Okungalungile

Izingane zivame ukungabi nolwazi olwanele lokuphatha kanye nokulawula amandla lapho zisebenzisa amabhodlela okufutha ngakho-ke zisengozini yokuphathwa ngendlela engafanele.

• Ukufutha Okungalungile: Izingane zingase zifuthe amehlo azo, ubuso, noma umlomo kanye nekhala ngokungahlosile ngalolo ketshezi, okuholela ekulimaleni ngengozi.
• Isifutho esingaphezu kwamandla: Izingane zingase zingakwazi ukulawula amandla kanye nokuvama kwesifutho, okuholela ekufuthweni ngokweqile futhi kwandise ingozi yokuthi uketshezi luthinte isikhumba noma luphefumulwe.

Ukuqonda lezi zingozi ezingaba khona kuyinto ebalulekile kubazali nabanakekeli lapho behlinzeka ngendawo ephephile yezingane zabo.

Ukusetshenziswa Okuphephile Kwamabhodlela Okufutha Ngengilazi Ezinganeni

Kunezindlela eziningana zokuqapha okufanele abazali bazithathe ukuze bakwazi ukusebenzisa amabhodlela okufafaza ngengilazi ngokuphephile hhayi nje kuphela nezingane zabo. Nazi ezinye zezindlela zokuphepha ezibalulekile:

1. Khetha ibhodlela elifanele lokufutha

• Khetha Ingilazi Eqinile Neqinile: Zama ukukhetha amabhodlela okufutha engilazi asezingeni eliphezulu, aqinile angaklanyelwe ukuphuka uma kushayisana okuncane. Gwema amabhodlela okufutha enziwe ngengilazi encane ukuze unciphise ingozi yokuphuka ngengozi.
• I-Nozzle Eklanywe Ngokuphephile: Qinisekisa ukuthi umlomo wempumulo uklanyelwe ukulawulwa kalula yizingane nokuthi ivolumu yokufutha ingalungiswa ngokuphephile. Lokhu kuvimbela uketshezi ukuthi lufuthwe kakhulu noma luqine kakhulu, futhi kugwema ukufafaza uketshezi emehlweni noma ebusweni bengane ngengozi.

2. Gcina kude namakhemikhali

• Gwema Ukuchayeka Ebuthi: Ungagcini amakhemikhali anobuthi noma aqinile, njengezinsipho ezinamandla noma izibulali-magciwane, emabhodleleni engilazi okufafaza afinyeleleka kalula ezinganeni. La makhemikhali angalimaza isikhumba sezingane, amehlo noma uhlelo lokuphefumula.
• Khetha Izithako Zemvelo: Uma kufanele usebenzise izihlanzi noma ezinye izinto eziwuketshezi, zama ukugwema izinto ezicasulayo ngamakhemikhali ngokukhetha imikhiqizo elungele izingane enezithako zemvelo. Isibonelo, sebenzisa izihlanzi ezinezicucu zemvelo zezitshalo noma insipho namanzi athambile.

3. Isiqondiso Esifanele Sokusetshenziswa

• Fundisa Ukusetshenziswa Okufanele: Vumela ingane iqonde ukuthi ingasetshenziswa kanjani ibhodlela lokufafaza ngendlela efanele, okuhlanganisa nendlela yokucindezela umlomo ukuze ithole inani elifanele, igcine ibanga eliphephile ukusuka endaweni okuqondiswe kuyo, futhi isebenzise inani elifanele lamandla. Ngokusebenzisa imiyalelo, ingane ingaqonda kangcono imisebenzi kanye nemikhawulo yebhodlela lokufafaza.
• Gwema ukufutha ebusweni nasezifuyweni: Ukugcizelela ukuthi amabhodlela okufafaza akufanele aqondiswe ebusweni noma ezifuyweni kunciphisa ingozi yokulimala ngokuvimbela uketshezi ukuthi lungangeni emehlweni noma emlonyeni noma ekhaleni ngengozi.

4. Ukugcinwa Nokugadwa

• Ukuqapha: Abazali kufanele baqaphe izingane ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa kwamabhodlela okufutha ngengilazi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi bawaphatha ngendlela efanele nokuthi ukuziphatha okungafanele kulungiswa ngokushesha. Akukhuthazwa ukuphatha amabhodlela okufutha ngaphandle kokuqashwa yizingane futhi izingozi ezibangelwa ukungahlosile noma ilukuluku kufanele zigwenywe ngangokunokwenzeka.

5. Ukugcinwa Kwamabhodlela Okufutha Ngengilazi

• Ukufinyelela Kwabantwana Okuyisisekelo: Ngemva kokusebenzisa, beka ibhodlela leglasi lokufafaza endaweni ephakeme kude nezingane ukuze ugweme ukuthi izingane zilithathe zona. Ikakhulukazi uma ibhodlela liqukethe uketshezi oluyingozi, kumele ligcinwe ngokuphephile.
• Ukubuyiselwa Ngesikhathi Esifanele: Amabhodlela okufutha ngengilazi kufanele alandwe futhi agcinwe ngesikhathi esifanele ngemva kokusetshenziswa ukuze kuvinjelwe izingane ukuthi zingawathathi ngengozi, futhi kuvinjelwe ukuthi zingawi zisuka endaweni ephakeme futhi ziphuke, okungadala ukulimala okwengeziwe.

6. Vimbela Amabhodlela Ekusheleleni

• Sebenzisa Imikhono noma Izisekelo Ezingasheleli: Amabhodlela okufutha ngengilazi angafakwa imikhono engasheleli noma izisekelo zokuvikela ukuze kwandiswe ukuqina nokuvimbela amabhodlela ukuthi angasheleli futhi aphuke lapho ebekwa ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa noma ukubekwa.
• Gwema Izindawo EzishelelayoZama ukugwema ukusebenzisa noma ukugcina amabhodlela okufutha ngengilazi ezindaweni ezishelelayo (isib., indlu yangasese, ikhishi) ukuze unciphise ingozi yokuphuka ngenxa yokushelela kwebhodlela.

Lezi zinyathelo zokuphepha zingasiza abazali nabanakekeli ukunciphisa ngempumelelo izingozi izingane ezingase zibhekane nazo lapho zisebenzisa amabhodlela okufafaza ngengilazi, okuqinisekisa impilo yazo nokuphepha kwazo.

Izinyathelo Uma Kuvela Izingozi

Naphezu kwazo zonke izinyathelo zokuphepha ezithathiwe, izingozi zisengenzeka. Abazali kufanele bazi kusengaphambili ukuthi bangabhekana kanjani nezimo eziphuthumayo ngokushesha ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha. Nazi ezinye izindlela zokusingatha izingozi ezivamile:

1. Ukuphathwa Okuphuthumayo Kwengilazi Ephukile

• Hlala kude ne-FragmentsUma ibhodlela leglasi liphukile ngengozi, qala ufundise ingane yakho ukuthi igweme izingcezu ngokushesha ukuze igweme ukuthinta ingilazi ephukile ngenxa yelukuluku noma ukwesaba. Ingane kufanele yazise abazali bayo ngokushesha ukuze ivimbele ukulimala okwengeziwe.
• Hlanza Udoti Ngokuphephile: Abazali kufanele bagqoke amagilavu ​​futhi basebenzise ngokucophelela imishanelo namapani okulahla uthuli ukuze bahlanze ingilazi ephukile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi yonke imfucuza isusiwe kahle, ikakhulukazi izingcezu ezincane, okunzima ukuzithola. Uma kunezindawo ezinkulu zengilazi ehlakazekile, cabanga ngokusula phansi ngethawula elimanzi ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha.

2. Ukuphathwa Kwezinhlayiya Ezifuthwe Kabi Noma Ezifuthwe Kabi

• Uketshezi Olufuthwe EsweniUma uketshezi lungena ngengozi esweni lengane, abazali kufanele bahlanze iso njalo ngamanzi okungenani imizuzu eyi-15 ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uketshezi luhlanzwe kahle. Uma kuvela izimpawu ezifana nokubomvu, ukuvuvukala, ubuhlungu noma ukubona okufiphele emehlweni, kufanele kufunwe usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze uthole iseluleko sochwepheshe kudokotela.
• Ukuphefumula noma Ukuthatha Uketshezi Ngephutha: Uma ingane ihogela ngephutha uketshezi oluvela ebhodleleni lokufafaza, ikakhulukazi amakhemikhali anobuthi noma acasulayo, ingane kufanele iyiswe endaweni enomoya ngokushesha okukhulu, kude negesi ecasulayo. Uma uketshezi luthathwa ngephutha, xhumana nochwepheshe wezempilo ngokushesha noma ushayele izinsizakalo eziphuthumayo. Qiniseka ukuthi uhlala unelebula noma uhlu lwezithako zamakhemikhali ebhodleleni ukuze abasebenzi bezokwelapha bakwazi ukucubungula isiguli ngokushesha.

Ukulungiselela lezi zinyathelo eziphuthumayo kusenesikhathi kuzokuvumela ukuthi usabele ngokushesha lapho kwenzeka ingozi, kuncishiswe izinga lokulimala futhi kugcinwe izingane ziphephile. Abazali kufanele bakhumbuze izingane zabo ngokuphindaphindiwe ngolwazi oluyisisekelo lokuphepha ekuphileni kwazo kwansuku zonke ukuze zikwazi ukusabela ngendlela efanele lapho zibhekene nengozi.

Isiphetho

Amabhodlela okufutha ngengilazi asetshenziswa kabanzi empilweni yansuku zonke, kodwa izingozi zawo zokuphepha akufanele zinganakwa, ikakhulukazi uma esetshenziswa noma ethintwa yizingane. Abazali banganciphisa ngempumelelo izingozi ngokukhetha amabhodlela afanele, bafundise izingane ngendlela efanele ukuthi ziwasebenzise, ​​bawagcine kude namakhemikhali futhi baqinise ukuqapha.

Ukuphepha kwezingane kuhlale kuyinto eza kuqala emindenini. Abazali abadingi nje ukudala indawo ephephile yezingane zabo, kodwa futhi baqinise nokuqwashisa kwabo ngokuphepha empilweni yabo yansuku zonke. Ngokuqondiswa kweziguli kanye nezinyathelo zesayensi zokuvikela, abazali bangaqinisekisa impilo nokuphepha kwezingane zabo lapho besebenzisa amabhodlela okufafaza ngengilazi futhi bavimbele ukulimala okungadingekile.