Isingeniso

Ezilabhorethri zesimanje ze-biomedical kanye namakhemikhali,amashubhu amasiko alahlwayo asetshenziswa kakhulu kusiko lwamaseli, ukusabela kwamakhemikhali, ukulondolozwa kwesampula kanye neminye imisebenzi ebalulekile.Ukubaluleka kwabo enqubweni yokuhlola angeke kushaywe indiva. Njengoba lawa mashubhu e-culture ethintana ngokuqondile namasampuli okuhlola, izinto zawo, usayizi, ukuvalwa kanye nokuthi avalelwe amagciwane noma cha azoba nomthelela omkhulu emiphumeleni yokuhlola. Ukukhetha okungalungile kungase kuholele ekungcolisweni okuphambene, ukulahleka kwesampula noma ukuchema kwedatha yokuhlola, ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte ukunemba nokukhiqizwa kabusha kocwaningo.

Izinhlobo Eziyinhloko Zamashubhu Amasiko Alahlwayo

Kunezinhlobonhlobo zamashubhu amasiko alahlwayo, futhi abacwaningi badinga ukukhetha uhlobo olulungile ngokwenhloso yokuhlolwa, indawo yokusebenza kanye nezici zamasampuli. Ahlukaniswe ngezigaba ezintathu ezilandelayo: impahla, umthamo kanye nomsebenzi okhethekile:

1. Ukuhlukaniswa ngokwezinto ezibonakalayo

Amashubhu empucuko alahlwayo enziwe ngezinto ezihlukene ahluka ngokumelana nezinga lokushisa, ukuqina kwamakhemikhali kanye nezakhiwo zokubona:

• I-Polypropylene: Ukumelana kahle nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye nokugqwala kwamakhemikhali, kulungele isiko lamaseli avamile, ukuhlolwa kwebhayoloji yamangqamuzana nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza.
• I-Polystyrene: ukukhanya okuphezulu, ukubona kalula isimo se-liquid neseli, esivame ukusetshenziswa ekuhlolweni kwe-optical, kodwa hhayi ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, ngokuvamile akukwazi ukusetshenziselwa i-autoclaving.
• Glass isiko amashubhu: Nakuba esebenziseka kabusha futhi ezinzile kumakhemikhali, ayabiza, adinga izinqubo ezengeziwe zokuhlanza nokuvala inzalo, futhi aletha ingcuphe engaba khona yokungcoliswa ngokuphambene.

2. Ukuhlukaniswa ngomthamo

Ngokuya ngevolumu yesampula edingekayo ekuhlolweni, umthamo wamashubhu esiko uyahluka ukusuka kumavolumu amancane kuye kumavolumu amakhulu:

• Amashubhu e-Microcentrifuge: ijwayele ukusetshenziselwa ukusatshalaliswa kwesampula, imvula emaphakathi, ukukhishwa kwe-DNA/RNA neminye imisebenzi.
• Amashubhu amasiko ajwayelekile: umthamo osetshenziswa kakhulu elabhorethri, ofanele isiko lamaseli, ukusabela okuxubile, ukulondolozwa kwesampula nezinye izinjongo.
• Amashubhu amasiko amakhulu: ifanele isiko leseli elikhulu noma inani elikhulu lokucubungula isixazululo.

3. Ukuhlukaniswa ngomsebenzi okhethekile

Amashubhu ayatholakala ngezici ezengeziwe ezihlukahlukene ukuze ahlangabezane nezidingo ezithile zokuhlola:

• I-Aseptic Pre-sterilized Tubes: Imboni efakwe amagciwane ngemisebe ye-gamma noma i-autoclaving, ifanele ukuhlolwa okunezidingo eziphezulu ze-aseptic.
• Nge-cartridge cap: ivumela ukushintshaniswa kwegesi, okulungele ama-microorganisms noma imigqa yeseli edinga ukungena komoya futhi ivimbele ukungcoliswa okuvela emithonjeni yangaphandle.
• Amashubhu Amelana Nokushisa Okuphansi: ingasetshenziswa ngokuphepha ku--80℃ noma ngisho nendawo ewuketshezi ye-nitrogen, ifanele ukulondolozwa kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi lesikhathi eside lamasampula ebhayoloji.
• Amashubhu athweswe iziqu/angaphothuliwe: Amashubhu athweswe iziqu alungele ukulinganisa okusheshayo nokukhipha umthamo woketshezi ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kokuhlolwa.

Izinto Ezibalulekile Ekukhetheni Amashubhu Amasiko

Enqubweni yokuklama nokusebenza kokuhlola, ukukhethwa kwamashubhu amasiko alahlwayo afanelekile kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle kokuhlolwa kanye nokunemba kwemiphumela. Abacwaningi kufanele bacabangele ngokucophelela izici ezimbalwa ezibalulekile:

1. Uhlobo lokuhlola

Izidingo zamashubhu e-culture ziyahluka kakhulu kusukela ekuhlolweni kuye ekuhlolweni futhi kufanele zikhethwe ngokuya ngokuqukethwe komsebenzi nendawo yokuhlola:

• Ukuze isiko cell: Izidingo zokungabi nabantwana ziphezulu kakhulu, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamashubhu abulawe inzalo ngaphambili anamakepisi wekhatriji aphefumulayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukushintshaniswa kwegesi kuyanconywa.
• PCR / ukuhlolwa kwebhayoloji yamangqamuzana: isidingo sokungabi nama-enzyme e-DNA, ama-enzyme e-RNA kanye neshubhu elingenayo i-pyrogen, ngokuvamile lisebenzisa ishubhu le-polypropylene elihlanzekile.
• Isitoreji sezinga lokushisa eliphansi: Amashubhu anokumelana okuhle kokushisa okuphansi kufanele asetshenziselwe ukugwema i-lysis emazingeni okushisa aphansi.

2. Izibonelo zezici

Izici ze-physicochemical zesampula zithonya ngokuqondile ukukhethwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo nokusebenza kokucushwa kwamashubhu amasiko:

• Amasampula aluketshezi noma aqinile: inquma ivolumu edingekayo kanye nefomu le-tube orifice.
• Amasampula e-Acid noma e-alkaline: amasampula agqwalile kakhulu adinga izinto ezimelana namakhemikhali ukuze agweme ukuwohloka kweshubhu noma ukungcola.
• Ukuthi ugweme ukukhanya: amasampula azwela ukukhanya kufanele akhethe inhlaka noma i-opaque material culture tube, ukuze agweme ukuwohloka kwesithombe.

3. Izidingo zokuvala inzalo

Isidingo sokuvala inzalo kanye nohlobo lokuvala inzalo olusetshenziswayo yizinto ezibalulekile ezicatshangelwayo ekukhetheni amashubhu:

• Ukuvala inzalo ngaphambili ngokumelene nokuzibulala inzalo: Imikhiqizo yefekthri eyenziwe inzalo ngaphambili ifanele ukuhlolwa komkhiqizo ophezulu, ukonga isikhathi; uma ilabhorethri inemishini yokuvala inzalo ye-autoclave, ungakhetha ishubhu le-PP elingavalwa ngokuzenzakalelayo.
• Ukuhambisana kokuvala inzalo: Isibonelo, impahla ye-PS ayifaneleki i-autoclaving futhi isetshenziswa kanye kuphela.

4. Ukuvumelana

Amashubhu kufanele ahambisane kahle nemishini yaselabhorethri ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle nemiphumela ethembekile:

• Ukuhambisana kwe-Centrifugal: Amashubhu asetshenziselwa i-centrifugation adinga ukuba aqine ngokwesakhiwo ukuze amelane namandla amaphakathi ngesivinini esikhulu sokujikeleza.
• Ukuhambisana okuzenzakalelayo: Ngokuhlolwa okudinga ukusetshenziswa kwamarobhothi amapayipi, amasistimu wokusaphaza azenzakalelayo, njll., osayizi bamashubhu abamisiwe kufanele basetshenziswe.

5. Izindleko nokusimama

Ukulawulwa kwezindleko okunengqondo nokusetshenziswa kwezinsiza nakho kuwukucatshangelwa okubalulekile ekuhlangabezaneni nezidingo zokuhlola:

• Okulahlwayo uma kuqhathaniswa nokusebenziseka kabusha: amashubhu alahlwayo kulula ukuphatha nokugwema ukungcola, afanele ukuhlolwa okuphezulu; amashubhu engilazi asebenziseka kabusha afanele ukuhlolwa okuyisisekelo ngesabelomali esilinganiselwe.
• Isilinganiso sokuthenga: ukuthengwa kwevolumu enkulu kunganciphisa intengo yeyunithi, efanelekile kumaphrojekthi wesikhathi eside, amakhulu; ukucaciswa okuncane, okwenziwe ngezifiso kuyavumelana nezimo kodwa kubiza kakhulu.

Izincomo Zezimo Zokusebenza Ezivamile

Ngokuya ngezidingo ezithile zezinhlobo ezihlukene zokuhlola, amashubhu alandelayo alahlwayo ayanconywa kuzimo ezimbalwa ezivamile zohlelo lokusebenza, okuhloswe ngazo ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle nokuthembeka kokuhlolwa:

1. Ukutshalwa kwamaseli

• Uhlobo olunconyiwe: amashubhu e-polypropylene culture oyinyumba anamakepisi e-cartridge aphefumulayo
• Isizathu: Impahla ye-polypropylene inokungangeni kahle kwamakhemikhali kanye nokuvumelana kwe-biocompatibility, ifanele uketshezi lwe-cell culture. Ikhava ye-cartridge ingakwazi ukubona ukushintshaniswa kwegesi okusebenzayo, ivimbele ukungcoliswa kwamagciwane, futhi ihlangabezane nendawo yegesi edingekayo ukuze kwande amaseli.

2. Ukugcwaliseka kwamangqamuzana e-PCR/qPCR

• Izinhlobo ezinconyiwe: amashubhu akhethekile e-PCR angenayo i-nuclease, angenayo i-pyrogen noma amashubhu e-microcentrifuge
• Isizathu: Amashubhu e-polypropylene ahlanzekile, ngemva kokwelashwa okuqinile, angagwema ngokuphumelelayo ukuchithwa kwesampula noma ukungcoliswa, ukuze kuqinisekiswe imiphumela yokukhulisa enembile nethembekile. Idizayini yodonga oluncane iyanconywa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kokudlulisa ukushisa.

3. Ukugcinwa kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi

• Uhlobo Olunconyiwe: Ishubhu Ye-Polypropylene Engazweli Ngamazinga Okushisa Aphansi ene-Anti-Freeze Cracking Design kanye ne-Screw Seal Cap
• Isizathu: Lawa mashubhu angasetshenziswa ukugcina amasampula isikhathi eside ku--80°C noma ngisho naku-nitrogen ewuketshezi, futhi isakhiwo esikhethekile sivimbela ishubhu ekuqhekekeni okufiphala nokuvuza kwesampula. Ifanele ukugcinwa isikhathi eside kwemigqa yamaseli, amasampula egazi, amaprotheni noma ama-nucleic acid.

4. I-Centrifuge

• Izinhlobo ezinconyiwe: amashubhu e-polypropylene abekezelela kakhulu, idizayini engezansi eyindilinga noma eyi-conical, enamarotha angama-centrifuge
• Isizathu: Amashubhu e-PP anokumelana okuhle kwe-centrifugal futhi angakwazi ukumelana namandla aphezulu e-centrifugal ngaphandle kokuguqulwa noma ukuphuka. I-conical bottom isiza ukuqoqa amaseli noma imvula phakathi nendawo futhi ikhuphule izinga lokutakula.

Amaphutha Avamile Nezindlela Zokuwagwema

Ngokuvamile, ukwehluleka kokuhlolwa ngenxa yokukhetha okungalungile kwamashubhu amasiko kwenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile. Amaphutha amaningana avamile kanye neziphakamiso ezihambisanayo zezixazululo zibalwe ngezansi ukuze kusetshenziswe ireferensi yabacwaningi:

1. Ukusetshenziswa kabi kwezinto ezingamelana nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu ze-autoclaving