Isingeniso

Amashubhu empucuko yesikulufa alahlwayo adlala indima ebalulekile ekusebenzeni kwelabhorethri.Ukusebenzisa kwabo okulungile akuvimbi ngokuphumelelayo kuphela ukungcoliswa kwesampula, ukungcoliswa okuphambene nokulahlekelwa kwesampula, kodwa futhi kuqinisekisa ukunemba nokuthembeka kwedatha yokuhlola. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphatha inqubo yokusebenza esezingeni ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi yokuhlolwa.

Lo mhlahlandlela uyasebenza ezinqubweni zokusebenza zamashubhu osiko lwentambo yesikulufu alahlwayo asetshenziswa kusiko lamaseli, ukuhlolwa kwe-microbiology, ukuhlolwa komtholampilo neminye imikhakha.

Ukulungiselela ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa

Ukulungiselela okwanele ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile sokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kwamashubhu amasiko entambo yesikulufu alahlwayo. Okokuqala, ubuqotho bephakheji yangaphandle budinga ukubhekwa ngokucophelela noma yikuphi ukuphuka noma ukuhluleka kwezimpawu, okubalulekile ukugcina ubunyumba bamashubhu. Amashubhu apakishwe kahle kufanele agcinwe endaweni eyomile, ehlanzekile ukuze kugwenywe umswakama noma ukungcola.

Isimo sokuvala inzalo akufanele singanakwa. Amashubhu osiko wokuvala isikulufa alahlwayo akhiqizwa abakhiqizi abavamile avamise ukuvalwa inzalo nge-gamma irradiation noma i-ethylene oxide, futhi iphakheji kufanele ibe nophawu olucacile lokuvala inzalo kanye nosuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi. Abasebenzi baselabhorethri kufanele bahlole indlela yokuvala inzalo kanye nosuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi amashubhu asesimweni esingcono kakhulu sokusebenzisa.

Izinto ezilandelayo kufanele zicatshangelwe lapho kukhethwa imininingwane:

1. Ukukhetha ivolumu: Amashubhu ajwayelekile angu-15ml angakhethelwa ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile, kuyilapho usayizi ongu-50ml unconyelwa isiko lezinga elikhulu.
2. Izici zezinto ezibonakalayo: Impahla ye-polypropylene imelana nokushisa okuphezulu, ifanele izidingo zokuvala inzalo yokushisa okuphezulu; Izinto ze-polystyrene zisobala kakhulu, kulula ukuzibona.
3. Izidingo ezikhethekile: Ngokuhlolwa okukhethekile, okufana nokugcinwa kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi, udinga ukukhetha izinto ezimelana nezinga lokushisa eliphansi.

Izisebenzi zaselabhorethri kufanele zikhethe imodeli yeshubhu yesiko elifanele kakhulu ngokuya ngezimo ezithile zokuhlola, kucatshangelwa izidingo zamandla e-centrifugal, ukuhambisana kwamakhemikhali nezinye izici. Kunconywa ukuthi kusungulwe inqubo yokusebenza ejwayelekile yokukhethwa kwezinto ezisetshenziswayo zaselabhorethri ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuvumelana nokukhiqizwa kabusha kokuhlolwa.

Inqubo Elungile

1. Ukuqaqa

• Khipha amashubhu endaweni yokusebenza ehlanzekile ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi akukho ukungcoliswa kwangaphandle ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa.
• Gqoka amagilavu ​​angenalutho noma sebenzisa ama-tweezers oyinyumba ukuze ususe amashubhu lapho uqaqa ukuze ugweme ukuthintana ngqo nezindawo ezibucayi.

2. Ukusebenza nge-spiking

• Akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele ukuthinta udonga lwangaphakathi lwe-orifice noma isivalo sangaphakathi sesivalo phakathi nenqubo yokugcwalisa ukuvimbela ukwethulwa kwemithombo yokungcola.
• Ivolumu kufanele ilawulwe lapho wengeza amasampula oketshezi futhi akufanele idlule isikali esiphezulu ukugwema ukuchitheka noma ukuvalwa kahle kwamasampuli ngesikhathi sokusebenza.

3. Indlela yokuvala uphawu

• I-screw cap kufanele iqiniswe ngemuva kokwengezwa kwesampula ukuze kuqinisekiswe uphawu oluphelele. Ukubekwa uphawu kungaqinisekiswa ngokubangela ukuthi kubhekwe noma yikuphi ukuvuza.
• Naka amandla okujikijela amaphakathi ukuze ugweme amandla amaningi aholela ekugugekeni kwentambo noma ukuphuka, okungase kuthinte ukusetshenziswa kabusha noma umphumela wokuvala.

4. Ukumaka nokuqopha

• Sebenzisa amalebula ngelebhu angangeni kuncibiliki, angangeni manzi, noma omaka ukuze ulebule ngokunembile ulwazi lwesampula ezindaweni ezihlanzekile, ezomile zeshubhu.
• Gwema ukusebenzisa iphepha elebula elejwayelekile noma izibaya eziyinki ezisengozini yokufiphala umswakama ukuze uvimbele ukulahleka kolwazi ngesikhathi sokulondoloza.

Izixwayiso Ezisetshenziswayo

1. Ukugwema ukungcola

• Imisebenzi yokuhlola kufanele yenziwe endaweni ehlanzekile, engenalo uthuli, ebhentshini elihlanzeke kakhulu noma ikhabhinethi yokuphepha yebhayoloji iyanconywa.
• Yehlisa isikhathi sokuqaqa amashubhu e-culture, futhi ukusebenza kufanele kusheshe futhi kufane ukuze kuncishiswe ubungozi bokuchayeka.
• Amashubhu amasiko azimele kufanele asetshenziselwe uhlobo ngalunye lwamasampula, futhi ukuxuba kunqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukuvimbela ukungcoliswa okuphambene nokuphazamiseka kwemiphumela yokuhlola.

2. I-Centrifugation kanye nesitoreji

• Ngaphambi kwe-centrifugation, qiniseka ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi ikepisi lesikulufu liboshwe ngokuqinile ukuze uvimbele isampuli ukuthi ingavuzi; futhi wenze izinga elihle lokulinganisa ku-centrifuge ukugwema ukungalingani kwemishini.
• Lapho ugcina, amashubhu kufanele abekwe endaweni eqondile ukuze agweme ukuvuza okubangelwa ukubekwa okuvundlile. Gwema ukubeka amashubhu endaweni yokushisa ephezulu, ukukhanya okukhanyayo noma indawo enomswakama ukuze ugweme ukuthikameza ukuqina kwamasampula nokusebenza kwamashubhu.

3. Ukuphathwa kwesampula okukhethekile

• Kumasampuli aqukethe izincibilikisi eziguqukayo, eziphilayo noma izinto ezigqwala kakhulu, imodeli ekhethekile enokumelana namakhemikhali kufanele isetshenziswe.
• Ukuze uthole i-cryopreservation, sebenzisa amashubhu e-cryopreservation amelana namazinga okushisa aphansi; amashubhu ajwayelekile alahlwayo angase abe brittle noma avuze emazingeni okushisa aphansi kakhulu.

Okufanele Ukwenze Ngemva Kokusebenzisa

1. Ukucutshungulwa kwe-Biosafety

• Amashubhu empucuko aqukethe amasampula athathelwanayo, okungenzeka abangele izifo noma anobungozi obukhulu kufanele afakwe ngokuzenzakalelayo noma angasebenzi ngesibulali magciwane esisebenzayo ngokuvumelana nezimfuneko zeleveli ye-biosafety ngaphambi kokuthi alahlwe njengemfucuza.
• Amashubhu okukhiqiza alahliwe kufanele afakwe emgqonyeni wemfucuza “wepulasitiki ongcoliswe yizinto eziphilayo” ngokuya ngohlelo lokuhlukaniswa kwemfucuza eyingozi kanye nokuphathwa kwelabhorethri, futhi akufanele kuhlanganiswe nodoti ojwayelekile ukuze ulahlwe.

2. Izincomo zemvelo

• Beka kuqala amashubhu empucuko enziwe ngezinto ezigaywa kabusha futhi ubambe iqhaza ohlelweni olulodwa lokugaywa kabusha nokulahlwa kwemvelo ezintweni ezisetshenziswayo kumalabhorethri lapho izimo zivuma.
• Nciphisa ukumosha okungadingekile kwezinto ezisetshenziswayo, khuthaza ukusetshenziswa okunengqondo kwezinto ezilahlwayo ngaphansi kwesisekelo sokuphepha, futhi ukhuthaze ukwakhiwa kwamalabhorethri aluhlaza.

imibuzo ejwayelekile ukubuzwa

1. Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma ngingakwazi ukuqinisa ikepisi yokufaka isikulufu?

Okokuqala hlola ukuthi imicu iqondaniswe kahle nokuthi azikho yini izinto zangaphandle ezinamathele emicu. Ungaphoqi imicu ukuthi ikhulule ngoba lokhu kungonakalisa i-orifice noma ikepisi. Uma isahluleka ukuvaleka, ishubhu yesiko kufanele ishintshwe kufakwe entsha.

2. Ingabe amashubhu empucuko alahlwayo angasetshenziswa kabusha?

Ukusetshenziswa okuphindaphindiwe akunconywa. Ukuvalwa nokuba msulwa kwamashubhu asetshenziswayo alahlwayo ngeke kuqinisekiswe ngemva kokusetshenziswa, futhi ukusetshenziswa kabusha kungase kubangele ukungcoliswa, imiphumela echemile, noma ukulimala kweshubhu.

3. Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma ngivuza lapho ngifaka i-centrifuging?

Hlola ukuthi isivalo siboshwe ngokuqinile futhi sivaleke kahle, futhi uqinisekise ukuthi amashubhu e-culture alinganiswe ngendlela efanele ngaphambi kokubeka i-centrifugation. Gwema ukusebenzisa ngaphezu kwesivinini esikhulu se-centrifugal lapho amashubhu alinganiswa khona. Uma kunesidingo, khetha ishubhu le-centrifuge elikhethekile elimelana nokucindezela njengenye indlela.

Isiphetho

Ukusetshenziswa okujwayelekile kwamashubhu empucuko yesikulufu esilahlwayo kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile sokuqinisekisa ukunemba kwemiphumela yokuhlola, ukuphepha kwesampula nokuthembeka kokusebenza. Ukubambelela ngokuqinile ezindinganisweni zokusebenza kanye nezidingo ze-biosafety, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isampula yokuqoqwa, ukuphatha, ukugcinwa noma ukulahlwa, kuyisiqinisekiso esiyisisekelo sokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokuhlola kanye nokunciphisa izingozi.

Kunconywa ukuthi ochwepheshe belebhu basebenzise amashubhu amasiko ekhwalithi ephezulu anokuvalwa okuhle, ukumelana namakhemikhali kanye nebanga lokushisa elisebenzayo ngokwezidingo zabo ezithile zokuhlola, ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kocwaningo futhi babone ukuphathwa okuzinzile kwezinsiza zaselabhorethri.