Isingeniso

Amashubhu okukhulisa intambo yesikulufo alahlwayo adlala indima ebalulekile ekusebenzeni kwelabhorethri.Ukusetshenziswa kwazo ngendlela efanele akugcini nje ngokuvimbela ukungcola kwesampula, ukungcola okuwela kanye nokulahleka kwesampula, kodwa futhi kuqinisekisa ukunemba nokuthembeka kwedatha yokuhlola. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba yingcweti yenqubo yokusebenza ejwayelekile ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yokuhlolwa.

Lesi siqondiso sisebenza ezinqubweni zokusebenza kwamashubhu okukhulisa intambo yesikulufu alahlwayo asetshenziswa ekukhuliseni amaseli, ekuhlolweni kwe-microbiology, ekuhlolweni kwemitholampilo nakwezinye izinkambu.

Ukulungiselela Ngaphambi Kokusebenzisa

Ukulungiselela okwanele ngaphambi kokuhlola kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza kahle kwamashubhu okukhulisa intambo yesikulufu alahlwayo. Okokuqala, ubuqotho bokupakisha kwangaphandle kudinga ukuhlolisiswa ngokucophelela ukuze kutholakale noma yikuphi ukuphuka noma ukwehluleka kokuvala, okubalulekile ukuze kugcinwe ukungazali kwamashubhu. Amashubhu apakishwe kahle kufanele agcinwe endaweni eyomile, ehlanzekile ukuze kugwenywe umswakama noma ukungcola.

Isimo sokuhlanza akufanele singanakwa. Amashubhu okukhulisa intambo yesikulufo alahlwayo akhiqizwa abakhiqizi abavamile avame ukuhlanzwa ngemisebe ye-gamma noma i-ethylene oxide, futhi iphakethe kufanele libe nophawu olucacile lokuhlanza kanye nosuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi. Abasebenzi belabhoratri kufanele bahlole indlela yokuhlanza kanye nosuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amashubhu asesimweni esihle kakhulu sokusetshenziswa.

Izici ezilandelayo kufanele zicatshangelwe lapho ukhetha imininingwane:

1. Ukukhetha ivolumu: Amashubhu ajwayelekile angu-15ml angakhethwa ukuze kwenziwe izivivinyo ezivamile, kuyilapho usayizi ongu-50ml unconywa ukuze kukhuliswe izitshalo ezinkulu.
2. Izici zezinto ezibonakalayoIzinto ze-polypropylene azikwazi ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, zifanelekela izidingo zokubulala amagciwane okushisa okuphezulu; izinto ze-polystyrene zibonakala kakhulu, kulula ukuzibona.
3. Izidingo ezikhethekile: Ngezivivinyo ezikhethekile, njengokugcina izinga lokushisa eliphansi, udinga ukukhetha izinto ezimelana nokushisa okuphansi.

Abasebenzi belabhoratri kufanele bakhethe imodeli yetyhubhu yokukhulisa efaneleke kakhulu ngokwezimo ezithile zokuhlola, becabangela izidingo zamandla e-centrifugal, ukuhambisana kwamakhemikhali nezinye izici. Kunconywa ukusungula inqubo yokusebenza ejwayelekile yokukhetha izinto ezisetshenziswayo zelabhoratri ukuqinisekisa ukuvumelana kanye nokuphindaphindwa kokuhlolwa.

Inqubo Efanele

1. Ukukhipha impahla

• Vula amapayipi okukhulisa izitshalo endaweni yokusebenza ehlanzekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi akukho ukungcola kwangaphandle ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa.
• Gqoka amagilavu ​​​​ahlanzekile noma usebenzise ama-tweezers ahlanzekile ukuze ususe amapayipi lapho uvula ukuze ugweme ukuthintana ngqo nezindawo ezibalulekile.

2. Ukusebenza kwe-spiking

• Akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele ukuthinta udonga lwangaphakathi lwe-orifice noma isivalo sangaphakathi sesembozo ngesikhathi senqubo yokugcwalisa ukuvimbela ukungeniswa kwemithombo yokungcola.
• Umthamo kufanele ulawulwe lapho kungezwa amasampula oketshezi futhi akufanele udlule isikali esiphezulu ukuze kugwenywe ukuchitheka noma ukuvalwa kabi kwamasampula ngesikhathi sokusebenza.

3. Indlela yokuvala

• Isivalo sesikulufu kufanele siqiniswe ngemva kokufakwa kwesampula ukuqinisekisa ukuvalwa okuphelele. Ukuvalwa kungaqinisekiswa ngokubangela ukuba kubonakale ukuvuza ngobumnene.
• Naka amandla okugoqa aphakathi nendawo ukuze ugweme amandla amakhulu abangela ukuguguleka noma ukuphuka kwentambo, okungase kuthinte umphumela wokusetshenziswa kabusha noma wokuvala.

4. Ukumaka nokurekhoda

• Sebenzisa amalebula noma omaka belebhu abangavimbi uketshezi, abangangeni manzi, abangaxebuka ukuze ulebule ngokunembile ulwazi lwesampula ezindaweni ezihlanzekile nezomile zepayipi.
• Gwema ukusebenzisa amaphepha ajwayelekile okubhala noma amapeni ayinki angase aphelelwe umswakama ukuze uvimbele ukulahleka kolwazi ngesikhathi sokugcina.

Izinyathelo Zokuqapha Ezisetshenziswayo

1. Ukugwema ukungcola

• Imisebenzi yokuhlola kufanele yenziwe endaweni ehlanzekile, engenalo uthuli, ebhentshini elihlanzekile kakhulu noma ikhabhinethi yokuphepha yezinto eziphilayo iyanconywa.
• Nciphisa isikhathi sokuvula amapayipi okukhulisa, futhi ukusebenza kufanele kusheshe futhi kuhambisane nezindinganiso ukuze kuncishiswe ingozi yokuchayeka.
• Amapayipi okukhulisa azimele kumele asetshenziswe kuhlobo ngalunye lwamasampula, futhi ukuxuba akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele ukuvimbela ukungcoliswa okuphambene kanye nokuphazamiseka kwemiphumela yokuhlola.

2. Ukufakwa kwe-centrifugation kanye nokugcinwa kwayo

• Ngaphambi kokufaka i-centrifugation, qiniseka ukuthi uqinisekisa ukuthi isivalo sesikulufu siboshwe ngokuqinile ukuze kuvinjelwe isampula ukuthi ingavuzi; futhi wenze ukulingana okuhle okulinganayo ku-centrifuge ukuze kugwenywe ukungalingani kwemishini.
• Uma ugcina, amapayipi kufanele abekwe endaweni eqondile ukuze ugweme ukuvuza okubangelwa ukubekwa okuvundlile. Gwema ukubeka amapayipi endaweni yokushisa ephezulu, ekukhanyeni okukhanyayo noma endaweni enomswakama ukuze ugweme ukuthinta ukuzinza kwamasampula kanye nokusebenza kwamapayipi.

3. Ukuphathwa kwesampula okukhethekile

• Kumasampula aqukethe izinyibilikisi eziphilayo noma izinto ezibola kakhulu, kufanele kusetshenziswe imodeli ekhethekile enokumelana namakhemikhali.
• Ukuze ulondoloze i-cryopreservation, sebenzisa amashubhu okugcina i-cryopreservation amelana namazinga okushisa aphansi; amashubhu okukhulisa avamile angasetshenziswa angaqhekeka noma avuza emazingeni okushisa aphansi kakhulu.

Okufanele Ukwenze Ngemva Kokusebenzisa

1. Ukucubungula ukuphepha kwezinto eziphilayo

• Amapayipi okukhulisa aqukethe amasampula ebhayoloji athelelekayo, angaba yingozi noma ayingozi kakhulu kumele afakwe i-autoclave noma angasebenzi ngesibulali-magciwane esisebenzayo ngokuhambisana nezidingo zezinga lokuphepha kwebhayoloji ngaphambi kokuba alahlwe njengodoti.
• Amapayipi okukhulisa alahliwe kufanele afakwe emgqonyeni kadoti wepulasitiki oqokiwe “ongcolile ngebhayoloji” ngokwesigaba kanye nohlelo lokuphatha imfucuza eyingozi yelabhorethri, futhi akufanele ahlanganiswe nodoti ojwayelekile wokulahlwa.

2. Izincomo zemvelo

• Beka phambili amashubhu okukhulisa enziwe ngezinto ezingasetshenziswa kabusha futhi uhlanganyele ohlelweni lokuvuselela kabusha kanye nokulahla imvelo lwezinto ezisetshenziswayo emalabhorethri lapho izimo zivuma khona.
• Nciphisa imfucuza engadingekile yezinto ezisetshenziswayo, khuthaza ukusetshenziswa okunengqondo kwezinto ezilahlwayo ngaphansi kwesisekelo sokuphepha, futhi ukhuthaze ukwakhiwa kwamalebhu aluhlaza.

imibuzo ejwayelekile ukubuzwa

1. Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma ngingakwazi ukuqinisa isivalo esifakwe ngesikulufo?

Okokuqala hlola ukuthi imicu iqondene kahle nokuthi azikho izinto zangaphandle ezinamathele emicu. Ungaphoqi imicu ukuthi ikhululeke ngoba lokhu kungalimaza i-orifice noma isivalo. Uma isahluleka ukuvala, ithubhu yokukhulisa kufanele ithathelwe indawo entsha.

2. Ingabe amashubhu okukhulisa alahlwayo angasetshenziswa futhi?

Akukhuthazwa ukusebenzisa okuphindaphindiwe. Ukuvalwa kanye nokungahlanzeki kwamapayipi okukhulisa alahlwayo ngeke kuqinisekiswe ngemuva kokusetshenziswa, futhi ukusetshenziswa kabusha kungabangela ukungcola, imiphumela echemile, noma umonakalo wepayipi.

3. Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma ngivuza lapho ngifaka i-centrifuging?

Hlola ukuthi isivalo siboshwe kahle futhi sivalwe kahle, bese uqinisekisa ukuthi amashubhu okukhulisa alinganiswe kahle ngaphambi kokufakwa kwe-centrifugation. Gwema ukusebenzisa isivinini esingaphezu kwesivinini esiphezulu se-centrifugal lapho amashubhu alinganiswe khona. Uma kudingeka, khetha ishubhu ekhethekile ye-centrifuge engacindezeli njengenye indlela.

Isiphetho

Ukusetshenziswa okujwayelekile kwamashubhu okukhulisa intambo yesikulufo esilahlwayo kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile sokuqinisekisa ukunemba kwemiphumela yokuhlola, ukuphepha kwesampula kanye nokuthembeka kokusebenza. Ukunamathela ngokuqinile ezindinganisweni zokusebenza kanye nezidingo zokuphepha kwezinto eziphilayo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuqoqwa amasampula, ukuphathwa, ukugcinwa noma ukulahla, kuyisiqinisekiso esiyisisekelo sokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokuhlola kanye nokunciphisa izingozi.

Kunconywa ukuthi ochwepheshe belebhu basebenzise amashubhu okukhulisa asezingeni eliphezulu anokuvalwa okuhle, ukumelana namakhemikhali kanye nobubanzi bokushisa obufanele ngokwezidingo zabo ezithile zokuhlola, ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kokuhlola futhi kufezwe ukuphathwa okusimeme kwezinsiza zaselebhu.