Isingeniso

Emalabhorethri anamuhla, ukusebenza ngokunemba kubeka izidingo ezikhulayo ezitsheni. Ikakhulukazi lapho besebenza ngamanani amancane oketshezi, abaqhubi bavame ukubhekana nezinselele eziningi. I-labware yendabuko, yize isabalulekile emisebenzini evamile, inkulu futhi ayinembile lapho iphatha imithamo emincane yoketshezi, okwenza kube nzima ukuhlangabezana nezidingo eziqinile zokunemba nokuhlanzeka ezimweni zokuhlola.

Umklamo ophelele webhodlela elincane elinomthamo omncane le-dropper dropper wenza ukukhishwa koketshezi kube lula ukulawula nokuthembeka.

Kungani iLabhorethri ingenakuphila ngaphandle kwamabhodlela amancane e-Graduated Burette?

Amabhodlela amancane e-burette aqediwe asetshenziswa kabanzi emalabhorethri ngoba abonisa izinzuzo eziyingqayizivele maqondana nokunemba, ukuphepha kanye nokusebenza kahle.

1. Amandla okulinganisa ngokunemba

Ukuphindaphinda kanye nokunemba kokuhlolwa kuncike ekufakweni koketshezi okunembile. Amabhodlela e-dropper akhethekile anenani elincane lamaphutha ngaphezu kobubanzi obuthile kunezitsha ezijwayelekile eziphothuliwe futhi angahlangabezana nezidingo zokuhlolwa ngezingxenye zokulandelela ezilawulwa ngokuqinile.

2. Umklamo wokulwa nokungcola

Ibhodlela le-dropper lenzelwe isivalo sesikulufo noma i-dropper yesiqephu esisodwa, okuthuthukisa kakhulu ukuvala futhi kuvimbele ngempumelelo okuqukethwe ukuthi kungahwamuki noma kuncibilike. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uma kuqhathaniswa nokusebenza kwe-pipette okudinga ukuguqulwa njalo kwe-tip, i-dropper tip ngokwayo igwema ukusebenza okuningi futhi inciphisa amathuba okungcoliswa okuhlukahlukene, ithuthukise ukusebenza kahle futhi yonge izinto ezisetshenziswayo.

3. Ukuphepha kwezinto ezibonakalayo

Amabhodlela e-dropper asezingeni eliphezulu esiwathengisayo enziwe ngengilazi ye-borosilicate ephezulu, amelana nokushisa futhi amelana nokugqwala, afanele ukwelashwa ngezinga lokushisa eliphezulu noma ama-reagent aqinile e-asidi ne-alkali.

Izimo Ezijwayelekile Zokusebenza

Amabhodlela e-burette amancane aqediwe asetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni eminingi yokuhlola ngenxa yokusebenza kwawo nokuguquguquka kwawo, ikakhulukazi emisebenzini yokuhlola edinga ukunemba okuphezulu kokulawulwa koketshezi kanye nokusebenza kalula.

1. Ukuhlolwa kwebhayoloji yama-molecule

Ekusebenzeni kwezinga lama-molecule, isisindo kanye nomthamo wama-reagent kuthinta ngqo imiphumela yokuhlolwa. Amabhodlela e-dropper alungele ukukhishwa nokulondolozwa kwe-DNA/RNA, kanti ubukhulu be-1ml buvimbela ngempumelelo ukuhwamuka kwesampula futhi kwenza kube lula ukugcina esiqandisini. Ekusebenzeni kwama-enzyme noma ama-antibody, amabhodlela e-3ml angasetshenziswa ukukhipha inani elifanele lama-reagent, kugwenywe ukulahlekelwa umsebenzi okubangelwa ukuqandisa okuphindaphindiwe nokuncibilika kwamabhodlela amakhulu, futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuphindaphindeka kanye nokuzinza kokuhlolwa.

2. Ukuhlaziywa kwamakhemikhali

Ukuze kulungiselelwe ibhodlela elijwayelekile ekuhlaziyweni kwenani, ibhodlela le-dropper elingu-5 ml linikeza isikhala sokubona nokuphatha kalula futhi lifanelekela ukuncibilikiswa kwezigaba eziningi. Kwamanye ama-reagent anobuthi obukhulu noma obuguquguqukayo, i-drip tip yebhodlela engavuzi kanye nomklamo wentambo yokuvala kuthuthukisa kakhulu ukuphepha kokuphatha futhi kunciphisa ingozi yokuchayeka kwabasebenzi kanye nokuhwamuka kwegesi.

3. Amalabhorethri okufundisa

Emakolishi kanye nasekufundiseni elabhorethri yesikole samabanga aphezulu, ukusabalalisa ama-reagent kusengaphambili akugcini nje ngokunciphisa ngempumelelo imfucuza yama-reagent, kodwa futhi kunciphisa amathuba okuxhumana ngqo kwabafundi namakhemikhali ayingozi futhi kuthuthukise ikhwalithi yemfundo yokuphepha. Amabhodlela acacile anezikali asiza abafundi ukuthi basungule ukuqonda "ukuqonda ivolumu" kanye "nokuqonda okunembile", futhi kuthuthukise ukuqeqeshwa kwamakhono okuhlola.

Umhlahlandlela Wokukhetha

Phakathi kwemikhiqizo eminingi nezinto ongakhetha kuzo, ukuthengwa kwesayensi nokunengqondo kwamabhodlela amancane aqoqwe ngevolumu kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka nokuphepha kwemiphumela yokuhlola.

1. I-logic yokukhetha amandla

Izidingo zokuhlola ezingabonakali zinquma osayizi bamabhodlela aguquliwe:

• 1ml/2mlAmabhodlela afaneleka kuma-reagent amancane kakhulu anenani elilodwa, okunciphisa imfucuza futhi kwenza kube lula ukugcina.
• 3mlAmabhodlela ayisayizi evame kakhulu futhi ajwayelekile, afanelekela ukuhlolwa kwansuku zonke kokukhipha uketshezi, umthamo omaphakathi futhi kulula ukuwaphatha.
• 5mlAmabhodlela afanelekela izixazululo ezivamile, agwema ukugcwalisa kabusha ngokuphindaphindiwe futhi athuthukise ukusebenza kahle kwezivivinyo.

2. Ukugxila kwepharamitha yokhiye

Inqubo yokukhetha kufanele igxile ku:

• Ukucaca kwesikali: Amabhodlela e-dropper asezingeni eliphezulu kufanele aqoshwe nge-laser noma aphrintiwe ngokunamathela okuphezulu ukuze kugwenywe ukufiphala kwesikali ekuhlanzweni noma ekuhlanzweni okushisa okuphezulu nokuqinisekisa ukuthi kulula ukufundeka isikhathi eside.
• Ukuvala: Kunconywa ukwenza ukuhlolwa okulula kokuguqula ibhodlela ngaphambi kokuthenga kokuqala - gcwalisa ibhodlela ngamanzi, uqinise isivalo bese usiguqula amahora angama-24 ukuze ubone ukuthi kukhona yini ukuvuza, okusetshenziselwa ukulingisa isimo sangempela sokugcina.

3. Isexwayiso sokugwema izingibe

Izindawo zelabhorethri zibeka izidingo eziphezulu ezintweni ezisetshenziswayo, futhi lezi zinkinga ezilandelayo zidinga ukuqiniswa:

• Amabhodlela epulasitiki asezingeni eliphansi angase abe nama-plasticizer noma i-leachate ye-organic solvent, ikakhulukazi lapho kugcinwa ama-reagents ane-acid noma e-organic, angase abe sengozini yokungcola, okuthinta ubumsulwa nokuphepha kokuhlolwa.
• Imikhiqizo eshibhile enamaphutha amakhulu ingaholela ekukhuphukeni okungafanele kwevolumu, okungase kubangele ukuthambekela kokuhlola noma ukwehluleka kokuphindaphinda, ikakhulukazi lapho kuklanywa ukusabela okuzwela ukugxilisa ingqondo.

Isiphetho

Amabhodlela amancane e-dropper aqokiwe awabonakali kodwa adlala indima ebalulekile endaweni eyinkimbinkimbi nephumelelayo yelabhorethri. Ngokulawula isikali ngokunembile/ukusebenza kahle kokuvala kanye nezinto ezikhethwayo ezihambisana namakhemikhali, ahlinzeka ngesiqinisekiso esiphindwe kathathu "sokunemba+ukuphepha+ukusebenza kahle" emisebenzini yokuhlola. Lawa magajethi ayisisekelo kodwa abalulekile aqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwedatha, ubuqotho bamasampula, kanye nokuphindaphindwa kwezinqubo zokuhlola.

Abahloli kufanele bakhethe umthamo kanye nezinto zamabhodlela ngokufanele ngokwemisebenzi eyahlukene yokuhlola ukuze bathuthukise ukusebenza kahle futhi bagweme amaphutha noma izingozi ezingadingekile. Ibhodlela elihambisana kahle lingaba yingxenye ebalulekile yempumelelo yokuhlolwa.